Remote ischemic preconditioning in patients with intermittent claudication.

OBJECTIVE: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a phenomenon in which a short period of sub-lethal ischemia in one organ protects against subsequent bouts of ischemia in another organ. We hypothesized that RIPC in patients with intermittent claudication would increase muscle tissue resistance to ischemia, thereby resulting in an increased ability to walk. METHODS: In a claudication clinic, 52 ambulatory patients who presented with complaints of intermittent claudication in the lower limbs associated with an absent or reduced arterial pulse in the symptomatic limb and/or an ankle-brachial index <0.90 were recruited for this study. The patients were randomly divided into three groups (A, B and C). All of the patients underwent two tests on a treadmill according to the Gardener protocol. Group A was tested first without RIPC. Group A was subjected to RIPC prior to the second treadmill test. Group B was subjected to RIPC prior to the first treadmill test and then was subjected to a treadmill test without RIPC. In Group C (control group), both treadmill tests were performed without RIPC. The first and second tests were conducted seven days apart. Brazilian Clinical Trials: RBR-7TF6TM. RESULTS: Group A showed a significant increase in the initial claudication distance in the second test compared to the first test. CONCLUSION: RIPC increased the initial claudication distance in patients with intermittent claudication; however, RIPC did not affect the total walking distance of the patients.

Remote ischemic preconditioning in patients with intermittent claudication

OBJECTIVE: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a phenomenon in which a short period of sub-lethal ischemia in one organ protects against subsequent bouts of ischemia in another organ. We hypothesized that RIPC in patients with intermittent claudication would increase muscle tissue resistance to ischemia, thereby resulting in an increased ability to walk. METHODS: In a claudication clinic, 52 ambulatory patients who presented with complaints of intermittent claudication in the lower limbs associated with an absent or reduced arterial pulse in the symptomatic limb and/or an ankle-brachial index <0.90 were recruited for this study. The patients were randomly divided into three groups (A, B and C). All of the patients underwent two tests on a treadmill according to the Gardener protocol. Group A was tested first without RIPC. Group A was subjected to RIPC prior to the second treadmill test. Group B was subjected to RIPC prior to the first treadmill test and then was subjected to a treadmill test without RIPC. In Group C (control group), both treadmill tests were performed without RIPC. The first and second tests were conducted seven days apart. Brazilian Clinical Trials: RBR-7TF6TM. RESULTS: Group A showed a significant increase in the initial claudication distance in the second test compared to the first test. CONCLUSION: RIPC increased the initial claudication distance in patients with intermittent claudication; however, RIPC did not affect the total walking distance of the patients. .

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein and ankle-brachial pressure index in patients with clinically evident peripheral arterial disease.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether oxidized low-density lipoprotein is a suitable predictor of peripheral arterial disease severity. The role of oxidized low-density lipoprotein in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has already been investigated. Its relevance as a predictor of the appearance and worsening of coronary arterial disease is also well known. However, the same is not true regarding peripheral arterial disease. METHOD: Eighty-five consecutive patients with an ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) < 0.9 and the presence of either intermittent claudication or critical lower leg ischemia were included. The plasma level of IgG autoantibodies against oxidized low-density lipoprotein was evaluated through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results were categorized into quartiles according to the ankle-brachial pressure index (a marker of peripheral arterial disease severity), and significant differences were investigated with the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the quartiles for this population (p = 0.33). No correlation was found between the ankle-brachial pressure index and oxidized low-density lipoprotein levels in subjects with clinically evident peripheral arterial disease with a wide range of clinical manifestations. CONCLUSIONS: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein is not a good predictor of peripheral arterial disease severity.

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein and ankle-brachial pressure index in patients with clinically evident peripheral arterial disease

OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether oxidized low-density lipoprotein is a suitable predictor of peripheral arterial disease severity. The role of oxidized low-density lipoprotein in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has already been investigated. Its relevance as a predictor of the appearance and worsening of coronary arterial disease is also well known. However, the same is not true regarding peripheral arterial disease. METHOD: Eighty-five consecutive patients with an ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) < 0.9 and the presence of either intermittent claudication or critical lower leg ischemia were included. The plasma level of IgG autoantibodies against oxidized low-density lipoprotein was evaluated through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results were categorized into quartiles according to the ankle-brachial pressure index (a marker of peripheral arterial disease severity), and significant differences were investigated with the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the quartiles for this population (p = 0.33). No correlation was found between the ankle-brachial pressure index and oxidized low-density lipoprotein levels in subjects with clinically evident peripheral arterial disease with a wide range of clinical manifestations. CONCLUSIONS: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein is not a good predictor of peripheral arterial disease severity.

Comparação entre o resultado do tratamento clínico de pacientes com claudicação intermitente por obstrução femoropoplítea bilateral versus obstrução aórtica / Comparison between the outcome assessment of the clinical treatment in patients with intermitent claudication due to bilateral femoropopliteal obstruction versus aortic obstruction

Objetivo: A claudicação intermitente é uma das manifestações iniciais da doença arterial obstrutiva periférica. Embora a maioria dos pacientes apresente melhora dos sintomas quando submetidos ao tratamento clínico, alguns não melhoram e podem até apresentar piora. O objetivo deste estudo é verificar se existe diferença no resultado do tratamento clínico de acordo com a localização da obstrução arterial. Métodos: Estudamos 212 pacientes portadores de claudicação intermitente por doença arterial obstrutiva periférica, que foram submetidos a tratamento clínico adequadamente realizado. Dividimos os pacientes em dois grupos: grupo AO (obstrução da aorta) e grupo FP (obstrução femoropoplítea bilateral)...

Maintenance treatment of diabetic patients, associating arterial obstructive tibio-peroneal disease

Introduçäo: Quando um portador de diabete melito apresenta lesäo trófica infectada do membro inferior, é indispensável a avaliaçäo das condiçöes circulatórias a fim de se orientar o procedimentol terapêutico. Em determinadas situaçöes, apesar da ausência de batimentos arteriais, näo há isquemia tecidual. Nestes casos, o tratamento conservador, com eventual ressecçäo de tecidos necróticos e infectados pode ser adotado. Material e Métodos: Foi estudada a evoluçäo de 70 pacientes diabéticos com lesäo trófica de extremidades submetidos ao tratamento conservador. A idade dos doentes variou de 28 a 88 anos, com média de 56,8. O sexo mais acometido foi o feminino, em 42 casos. O diabetes näo insulino-dependente (tipo II) foi observado em 64 pacientes (91,5 por cento), sendo os outros 6 do tipo I. A retinopatia diabética foi constatada em 14 (20 por cento) pacientes, neuropatia em 22 (31 por cento) e nefropatia em 8 doentes (11,4 por cento). Todos os pacientes apresentavam batimentos arteriais até a regiäo poplítea. Eles foram divididos em 2 grupos com relaçäo as artérias tronculares da perna: Grupo I, Artérias de pernas pérvias, constituído por 48 pacientes; Grupo II, Artérias de pernas ocluídas, constituído por 22 pacientes. Quando à localizaçäo anatômica das lesöes, os pacientes foram divididos em três grupos: Grupo A: formado por 32 pacientes (45,7 por cento) com acometimento exclusivo de um ou mais dedos sem atingir a regiäo metatarsiana; Grupo B, formado por 16 pacientes (22,9 por cento) com acometimento trófico atingindo a regiäo metatársica; Grupo C, formado por 22 pacientes (31,4 por cento) com lesäo acometendo a regiäo calcânea. As lesöes em ambos os grupos foram causadas por traumatismos mecânicos. O tempo da presença de lesäo em membro inferior variou de 7 a 48 dias, com média de 12 dias. Resultados e Conclusäo: Ao ser analisada a perviedade em artérias tronculares e evoluçäo dos paciente,s veririfca-se que houve resultado significativamente melhor naqueles com todos os pulsos presentes (81,3 por cento x 45,5 por cento) (p < 0,01). Ao estudarmos o lcoal da lesäo associando-o com o prognóstico dos casos, observamos que para feridas em extremidade digital, o resultado é significativamente melhor que nos locais mais proximais (87,5 por cento x 59,1 por cento) (p <0,01). Melhor ainda quando associamos a variável pulso presente (96,0 por cento x 75 por cento) (p <0,01) (tabela III). Quando os pulsos distais estäo ausentes, näo há diferenças significativas no resultado do tratamento, seja ele realizado em lesöes digitais ou em lesöes mais proximais (p > 0,05) (tabela IV)

Amputaçäo de membro inferior por doença arterial periférica: análise de 167 casos consecutivos näo selecionados / Lower limb amputation due to peripheral vascular disease: analysis of 167 non-selected consecutive cases

Cento e sessenta e sete pacientes submetidos a amputaçäo de membro inferior por doença vascular periférica foram avaliados. As amputaçöes eram primárias em 81 casos (grupo I) e secundárias a algum tipo de reconstruçäo arterial em 86 (grupo II). a estratificaçäo quanto a faixa etária demosntrou diferença estatisticamente significante na constituiçäo dos dois grupos (p < 0,025). Os índices quanto a distribuiçäo dos níveis iniciais de amputaçäo também demosntraram diferença estatisticamente significante (p < 0,025). Houve predomínio de amputaçöes abaixo do joelho (85%) no grupo com amputaçöes primárias em relaçäo ao grupo com amputaçöes secundárias (70%). A mortalidade geral observada foi de 7% (12 pacientes). Quanto a cicatrizaçäo primária, para os pacientes com oclusäo femoropoplítea, os índices foram de 77% no grupo I e 44% no grupo II (p < 0,001). Estes dados devem ser ponderados no processo decisório entre revascularizaçäo ou amputaçäo primária em doentes de risco, assim como ressaltam a importância dos cuidados de técnica operatória em ambos os procedimentos